Google Quantum AI features a quantum memory system that greatly reduces error rates
Surface code performance. a, Schematic of the region-7 code surface of the 105-qubit processor. b, General distributions of error probabilities. c, Probability of error for the duration of memory tests. d, The logical error per cycle decreases with the area of the surface code. Credit: arXiv (2024). DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2408.13687
A team of computer scientists at Google Quantum AI has demonstrated a type of quantum memory for a quantum computer that produces far fewer errors than others. The team published a paper on arXiv preprint server that explains their new memory system, how it works, and how much it can reduce error rates.
Previous research has shown that an error-free quantum computer can perform tasks beyond the power of modern supercomputers. However, due to the nature of quantum phenomena, quantum computers produce too many errors to work.
Scientists at big-name companies like Microsoft and Google are looking for ways to prevent machines from producing more errors or better ways to fix what is happening. In this new effort, the Google team has progressed towards the end.
Quantum computers have been developed in a variety of technologies, although they are all based on the use of quantum bits. Many start with physical qubits and then use them to make logical qubits.
The Google team is working with a quantum computer that uses multiple physical bits to create a single logical qubit, and has developed an algorithm they call “face coding” to correct errors. It does so by using a structure of physical qubits below. Google’s team says it reduces errors more than other quantum error correction systems.
In testing, the research team also found that the algorithm did a better job of correcting errors as the number of logical qubits increased—in their case, jumping from 72 to 105. This finding, the team says, suggests that adding more qubits will further improve tuning, a strategy that could, in theory, lead to the development of a quantum computer with fewer errors. enough to prove useful.
As an aside, the researchers point out that the lifetime of the logical qubits in their computer was longer than the lifetime of the physical qubits, which they observed, indicating that the system can build a reliable quantum memory.
Additional information:
Rajeev Acharya et al, Quantum error correction below the code limit, arXiv (2024). DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2408.13687
Newspaper articles:
arXiv
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